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Crimean status referendum, 2014 was a referendum on the status of Crimea held on March 16, 2014, by the legislature of Autonomous Republic of Crimea as well as by the local government of Sevastopol, both subdivisions of Ukraine at the time. The referendum asked the people of Crimea whether they wanted to join Russia as a federal subject, or if they wanted to restore the 1992 Crimean constitution and Crimea's status as a part of Ukraine. The available choices did not include keeping the status quo of Crimea and Sevastopol as they were at the time the referendum was held. The 1992 constitution accords greater powers to the Crimean parliament including full sovereign powers to establish relations with other states, therefore many commentators argued that both provided referendum choices would result in de facto separation from Ukraine.〔http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/15/world/europe/crimea-vote-does-not-offer-choice-of-status-quo.html〕 The Supreme Council of Crimea considered the ousting of Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych in the 2014 Ukrainian revolution as a coup and the new interim government in Kiev as illegitimate and stated that the referendum is a response to these developments.〔(Верховная Рада АРК инициировала проведение всекрымского референдума : Новости УНИАН ) 〕 The final date and ballot choices were set only ten days before the plebiscite was held. The referendum was regarded as illegitimate by most countries including all European Union members, the United States and Canada because of the events surrounding it〔 including the plebiscite being held while the peninsula was occupied by Russian soldiers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Putin’s remarks raise fears of future moves against Ukraine )〕 Thirteen members of the United Nations Security Council voted in favor of a resolution declaring the referendum invalid, but Russia vetoed it and China abstained. A United Nations General Assembly resolution was later adopted, by a vote of 100 in favor vs. 11 against with 58 abstentions, which declared the referendum invalid and affirmed Ukraine's territorial integrity. The Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People called for a boycott of the referendum.〔 Russia officially recognized the results of the Crimean referendum and claims that unilateral Kosovo declaration of independence has set a precedent, which allows secession of Crimea from Ukraine.〔"〕 Such parallels are disputed by legal scholars, however.〔〔 The official result from the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was a 96.77 percent vote for integration of the region into the Russian Federation with an 83.1 percent voter turnout.〔 The Mejlis Deputy Chairman Akhtem Chiygoz stated that the actual turnout could not have exceeded 30–40 percent.〔 In an interview on 22 January 2015 Igor Strelkov admitted that his militia group coerced Crimean deputies to vote in favor of secession from Ukraine.〔(Moscow agent Strelkov admits Russian army behind Crimean referendum ) Ukraine Today, 25 January 2015〕 Following the referendum, The Supreme Council of Crimea and Sevastopol City Council declared independence of Crimea from Ukraine and requested to join the Russian Federation.〔(Crimean parliament formally applies to join Russia ), BBC, March 17, 2014〕 On the same day, Russia recognized Crimea as a sovereign state.〔(U.S., EU set sanctions as Putin recognizes Crimea sovereignty | Reuters )〕〔(Putin Recognizes Crimea Secession, Defying the West ), New York Times, March 17, 2014〕 ==Background== According to the 2001 Ukrainian population census, 60.4% of the population of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea are ethnic Russians, 24.0% are ethnic Ukrainians and 10.2% are Crimean Tatars. In Sevastopol, 71.6% are ethnic Russians and 22.4% are ethnic Ukrainians.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Всеукраїнський перепис населення 2001 | English version | Results | General results of the census | National composition of population: )〕 77% of Crimea's and 94% of Sevastopol's population are native speakers of Russian. Crimea and Sevastopol are neighboring subdivisions of Ukraine located in the Crimean peninsula, a region with a long and complex history.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=О проведении общекрымского референдума ) / Верховный Совет Автономной Республики Крым〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Парламент Криму ухвалив постанову "Про проведення загальнокримського референдуму ) / Верховна Рада Автономної Республіки Крим〕 Demographically, the region is currently populated by Russian-speaking majorities but with such demographics undergoing dramatic changes for the past 200 years, due in part to the deportation of the Crimean Tatars 70 years ago.〔(BBC News - Why Crimea is so dangerous )〕 Following the Tatar deportation, large numbers of ethnic Russians and ethnic Ukrainians settled in the region.〔(Don’t let Russia abuse Crimean history - The Globe and Mail )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crimean status referendum, 2014」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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